Tata Coffee, Starbucks Near Deal for Stores Essay

Tata Coffee, Starbucks Near Deal for Stores - Essay Example This is the fundamental concept of Supply and Demand Paradox (Fisher, 2007, p. 8). Today’s market is largely influenced by technology advances, globalization and rigorous competition between suppliers and therefore companies are seeking for an effective strategy that can help it stay competitive. Discovering new market and newer opportunity will be far effective way than identifying the existing demands and satisfying consumer wants accordingly. This piece of research paper reviews the literatures regarding factors affecting demand and supply and explain what is price as well as income elasticity in relation to the recent attempt of Starbuck to come in alliance with Tata Coffee. This paper also explains how discovering new market would be a better economic strategy to foster demands from the example of Starbucks’s attempt to deal with Tata Coffee. Economic perspectives of Demand and Supply Demand and supply are perhaps the names of the most important models in all of ec onomics and these two are normally used for providing insights on the movements in price and output. The basic underlying concept of economics assumes that there is a market, where sellers and buyers contact for trade. Sellers are expected to bring goods or services to the market wherefrom consumers are assumed to bring money to it to buy the goods or services they demand (Guell, 2008, p. 20). From the economic point of view, demand is a schedule or curve or any other graphical presentation of the various amounts of a product that consumers are willing and able to purchase at each of the series of possible prices during a specific period of time (McConnell and Brue, 2004, p. 40). Demand is the quantity of a product or service that will be purchased at different possible prices when other things stay unchanged. Quantity demanded shows how much consumers are willing and able to buy the goods or services at a particular price during a specific period of time (Guell, 2008, p. 22). Accor ding to the law of demand, price and quantity demanded are inversely related and therefore an individual’s demand schedule will be downwardly sloping in its curve, as depicted in the graph. As price falls, the quantity demanded rises and as price rises, quantity demanded falls. When other market variables are remaining constant, consumers will be tended to buy more of a product as its price declines. Quantity supplied is the maximum quantity that sellers want to sell at a given price. The law of supply states that the quantity supplied will increase when the price rises and will decrease when the price falls, because a supplier will be able to produce and supply more when he expects to gain more profits or other advantages due to price hike (Wessels, 2006, p. 37). As shown in the figure, producers will be producing more of the product or services when price of the same increases in the market. Most of the Economics literatures (Wessels, 2006, McEachern, 2011, Lipsey and Chrys tal, 2007 etc) explained that producers are tended to supply more when they expect an extra earning from the price hike or from any other factors that may lead to the same. When it comes to the case of Starbuck’s attempt to work in alliance with Tata Coffee in India, as Ahmed (Oct, 2011) wrote in Wall

Immigration law 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Immigration law 2 - Essay Example Even though war may be seen as one of the simplest and commonest examples of scenarios whereby the lives of people are put at risk, there are actually several other means by which people dwelling in a country may be prone to threats to their lives even in the absence of war2. As a way of ensuring that people who live in their own countries are given enough and maximum protection against all forms of practices that possesses threat to their lives in their immediate environments, the Refugee Convention has been put in place to ensure that there is easy movement of all such people cross borders from their countries of residence to seek protection and shelter where they feel their lives will be better protected. The present essay analysis whether the definition of a refugee under the Refugee Convention is sufficient to protect victims of human rights abuses and subsequently protect the lives of these people. ... In R v SSHD4, a clearer and reflection meaning is given to what well-founded fear means when it was concluded that genuine belief cannot be a basis for one to receive any form of protection as long as fear is unfounded. This means that fear must be objective and founded5 and in case it will be subjective, it must be based on reality.6 The second provision, which is premises, defines circumstances under which well-founded fear must exist before they can be regarded as meriting for refugee status. Generally, the fact that there is a premise means that well-founded fear may exist alright but may not be a tangible reason to merit one to be a refugee7. In the definition, there are five clearly listed premises, which are ‘race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion’. Race and nationality generally give a premise of reason, for which a person may suffer acts of persecution, which arises mainly because the fellow is of a race that is different from the race of some other group of people who may be executing the torture, bring about the well-founded fear. Religion also gives its up with instances where there exist forms of controlled and mobilised acts of persecution against an identified religious group for the mere fact that people who are executing persecutions refuse to accept the opinions of the other religious group. Commonly, the aftermath of elections have resulted in situations where people, mostly those in opposition tend to become enemies of those winning power and therefore suffer forms of vendetta and victimisation due to their social and political opinions. In Gomez v SSHD8 we realize that "to qualify as political the

Consumer Behaviour-Travel and Tourism Essay Example for Free

Consumer Behaviour-Travel and Tourism Essay I want to do this! Whats This? .. . suitcases image by Alexander Ivanov from Fotolia. com Many factors influence travel and tourism consumer behavior. As of 2010, the global travel industry contributed 9. 2 percent of the worlds total gross domestic product, according to the World Travel and Tourism Council. People travel for work, to visit family and friends and for pleasure. When it comes to making choices about where and how to travel, multiple factors influence travel and tourism consumer behavior. Global Economy. Travel is often seen as a luxury, and when people are earning less or worried about earning less, they may eliminate travel from their budgets. As the world economy struggled in 2009 and into 2010, the travel industry suffered along with other businesses. According to the World Travel and Tourism Council, global travel and tourism was down nearly 5 percent in 2009, specifically due to a struggling economy. Still, as the economy bounces back, the tourism industry will as well. The World Travel and Tourism Council predicts a 3. 2 percent growth in the travel and tourism industry in 2011. Internet and Social Media Consumers have instant access to reviews and opinions about travel spots and accommodations around the world, as well as airlines, car rental agencies and other related travel companies. More and more, people turn to the Internet to research potential trips and seek out bargains. Thus, the Internet and social media can influence consumers travel choices. According to The Digital Letter, reviews on sites like TripAdvisor can make or break a destination. Prospective travelers can read reviews and find out if others found the hotel to be clean and the staff courteous, or if the service [they will] receive is worthy of [their] time and money. The Digital Letter points out that travelers can learn everything they want to know about a destination in a matter of minutes on sites such as Facebook, Twitter and Google. While a businesss website can also play a factor in consumer choice, if independent online reviews arent consistent with the companys claims, travelers are likely to make a different selection. Personal Budgets Even with a bad economy, some people still need or want to travel. In 2010, savvy travelers have many ways to find deals online and cut their costs before heading out the door. Airlines offer online specials for discount flights and last-minute trips, and companies such as Kayak exist solely to gather the best travel deals on the Internet into one place, so shoppers can compare prices. Travelers no longer need to rely on the standard price for transportation or accommodations. They may now make their travel choices based solely on price. .

Phage Therapy to Treat Bacterial Infections

Phage Therapy to Treat Bacterial Infections Introduction Bateriophages The word bacteriophage, which is a name for bacterial viruses, means â€Å"eater of bacteria.† These viruses parasitize and kill bacteria. Pioneering work on the genetics of bacteriophages in the middle of the twentieth century formed the foundation of more recent research on tumor-causing viruses and other kinds of animal and plant viruses. In this way bacterial viruses have provided an important model system. A bacteriophage is a bacterial parasite. By itself, a phage can persist, but it cannot replicate except within a bacterial cell. Most phages possess genes encoding a variety of proteins. (Ringo John) Discovery and Significance Bacteriophages, viruses that infect or kill bacteria, were discovered by Frederick W. Twort in England in 1917 independently. Twort observed that bacterial colonies sometimes underwent lysis (dissolved and disappeared) and that this lytic effect could be transmitted from colony to colony. Even high dilutions of material from a lysed colony that had been passed through a bacterial filter could transmit the lytic effect. However, heating the filtrate destroyed its lytic property. From these observations Twort suggested that the lytic agent might be a virus. D’Herelle rediscovered the phenomenon in 1917 (hence the term Twort –d’Herelle phenomenon) and coined the word bacteriophge, which means â€Å"bacteria eater.† He considered the filterable agent to be an invisible microbe- for example, a virus- that was parasitic for bacteria. (Pelczar) Since the bacterial hosts of phages are easily cultivated under controlled conditions, demanding relatively little in terms of time, labor, and space compared with the maintenance of plant and animal hosts, bacteriophages have received considerable attention in viral research. Furthermore, since bacteriophages are the smallest and simplest biological entities known which are capable of self replication, they have been widely used in genetic research. Much has been learned about host parasite relationship from these studies, which have provided a better understanding of plant and animal infections with viral pathogens. Thus the bacterium-bacteriophage interaction has become the model system for the study of viral pathogenicity. (Pelczar) General characteristics Bacterial viruses are widely distributed in nature. Phages exists for most, if not all, bacteria. With the proper techniques these phages can be isoalated quit easily in the laboratory. Bacteriophages, like all viruses, are composed of a nucleic acid core surrounded by a protein coat. Bacterial viruses occurring different shapes, although many have a tail through which they inoculate the host cell with viral nucleic acid. There are two main types of bacterial viruses: lytic, or virulent, and temperate or avirulent. When lytic phages infect cells, the cells respond by producing large numbers of new viruses. That is, at the end of the incubation period the host cell bursts or lyses, releasing new phages to infect other host cells. This is called a lytic cycle. In the temperate type of infection, the result is not so readily apparent. The viral nucleic acid is carried and replicated in the host bacterial cells from one generation to another without any cell lysis. However, temperate phages may spontaneously become virulent at some subsequent generation and lyse the host cells. In addition, there are some filamentous phages which simply â€Å"leak† out of cells without killing them. Types of Bacteriophages There are two types of bacteriophages. Virulent phages and Temperate phages Virulent phages :- As a result of reproduction, virulent phages destroy their host. For example :- T pahges or T1-T7 group of phages infect E.coli bacteria. Temperate Phages :- temperate phages do not kill their host and take over its machinery. For example :- Lambda phage (Study.com) Fig -1 Fates of Phages Morphology and Structure The electron microscope has made it possible to determine the structural characteristics of bacterial viruses. All phages have a nucleic acid core covered by a protein coat, or capsid. The capsid is made up of microbiological subunits called capsomeres. The capsomere consists of a number of protein subunits or molecules called protomers. Figure 1 shows the fine structure and anatomy of a common morphological form of the bacteriophage, one with a head and a tail. Fig. 2 Diagrammatic representation of coliphage Bacterial viruses may be grouped into six morphological types This type has a hexagonal head, a rigid tail with a contractile sheath, and tail fibers. This type has a hexagonal head similar to A. However, it lacks a contractile sheath, its tail is flexible, and it may or may not have tail fibers. This type is characterized by a hexagonal head and a tail shorter than the head. The tail has no contractile sheath and may or may not have tail fibers. This type has a head made up of large capsomeres, but has no tail. This type has a head made up of small capsomeres, but has no tail. This type is filamentous. Types A, B, and C Show a morphology unique to bacteriophages. The morphological types in groups D and E are found in plant and animal viruses as well. The filamentous form of group F is found in some plant viruses. Fig – 3 Types of Bacteriophages Phage Structure Most phages occur in one of two structural forms, having either cubic or helical symmetry. In overall appearance, cubic phages are regular solids or, more specifically, polyhedral; helical phages are rod-shaped. Polyhedral phages are icosahedral in shape. (The icosahedrons is a regular polyhedron with 20 triangular facets and 12 vertices.) This means that the capsid has 20 facets, each of which is an equilateral triangle; these facets come together to form the 12 corners. In the simplest capsid, there is a capsomere at each of the 12 vertices; this capsomere, which is surrounded by five other capsomeres, is termed as a penton. For example, the φX174 exhibits the simple capsid. In larger and more complex capsids, the triangular facets are subdivided into a progressively larger number of equilateral triangles. Thus a capsid maybe composed of capsomeres but it is still based on the simple icosahedrons model. The elongated heads of some tailed phages are derivatives of the icosahedrons. For example the head of the T2 and T4 phages is an icosahedron elongated by one or two extra bands of hexons. Rod-shaped viruses have their capsomeres arranged helically and not in stacked rings. An example is the Bacteriophages M13. Some bacteriophages, such as the T-even coliphages (T2, T4 and T6), have very complex structures, including a head and a tail. They are said to have binal symmetry because each virion has both an icosahedral head and a hollow helical tail. Phage Nucleic Acids Different morphological types of phages are also characterized by having different nucleic acid types. All tailed phages contain double-stranded DNA. The phages with large capsomeres and the filamentous ones have single-stranded DNA. Group E phages have single-stranded RNA. The DNAs of phages are circular under certain conditions. The DNA of phage φX174 is circular both in the virion and in the host cell. The DNA of phage lambda is linear in the virion, but on entering the host cell the cohesive ends join to form a circle. Infection of bacteria by phages Most bacteria are susceptible to attack by bacteriophages. A phage consists of a nucleic acid â€Å"chromosome† (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a coat of protein molecules. Phage types are identified not by species names but by symbols – for example, phageT4, phage lambda, and so forth. During infection, phage attaches to a bacterium and injects its genetic material into the bacterial cytoplasm. The phage genetic information then takes over the machinery of the bacterial cell by turning off the synthesis of bacterial components and redirecting the bacterial synthetic machinery to make phage components. Newly made phage heads are individually stuffed with replicates of the phage chromosome. Ultimately, many phage descendants are made and are released when the bacterial cell wall breaks open. This breaking open process is called lysis. The population of phage progeny is called the phage lysate. Commercial production of Phages In D’Herelle’s laboratory against various bacterial infections five phage preparations were produced. That phage preparations are Bacte-coli-phage, Bacte-rhino-phage, Bacte-intesti phage, Bacte-pyo-phage and Bacte-staphy phage. In the United States therapeutic phages were also produced. Seven phage product for human use produced by the Eli Lilly company in the 1940s including preparations against Staphylococci, Sreptococci, E.coli, and other bacterial pathogen. These preparations contains phage-lysed, bacteriologically sterile broth cultures of the targeted bacteria. These preparations were used against various infections including wounds, vaginitis, acute and chronic infections of the upper respiratory tract, abscesses and mastoid infections. In most of the Western World commercial production of therapeutic phages ceased because of controversy. But in Eastern Europe and in the former Soviet Union the use of phages continued therapeutically together with or instead of antibiotics. (Sulakvelidze.,et.al,2001) Phage therapy Pharmacokinetics Pharmacology is the study of drug’s impact on the body and body’s impact on the drugs. These two concepts are known as pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. In the concept of body, while considering anti microbial as drugs which includes both normal body tissues and the numerous symbiotic micro-organisms. Here we consider only pharmacokinetic aspect of phage therapy pharmacology. Pharmacokinectics describes drug’s potential that are sufficient to achieve primary pharmacodynamic effects. This description is distinguished into absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion components. Drug movement into the blood is absorption, drug movement into other body tissues is distribution, modification of drugs within the body is metabolism, and movement of drugs out of the body is excretion. These four pharmacokinetic aspects have the effect of both reducing and increasing drug densities. In the case of absorption and distribution, drug densities declines due to drug dilution and at the same time drug density increases in specific body compartments. Metabolism results phage inactivation due to phage interaction with immune systems or â€Å"activation† such as phage in situ replication. Excretion can reduce of drug densities in the body, it can also increased drug densities in bladder with therapeutic benefits. The success of phage therapy depends on generation of sufficient phage densities in the vicinity of the target bacteria to cause bacterial removal from the body at some adequate rate. Sufficient densities of phage will increase either to in situ replication which is a active treatment, or a consequence of what can be described as pharmacologically conventional dosing, is called passive treatment. (Abedon et al,2011) Potential benefits Phage therapy offers a possible alternative to conventional antibiotic treatments for bacterial infections. Phages are very specific to target one or a few strains of bacteria. Traditional antibiotics kill both harmful bacteria and useful bacteria such as those facilitating food digestion. The specificity of phages might reduce the chance that useful bacteria are killed when fighting on infection. Phages have ability to travel to a required site including brain. (Wikipedia.org) Phages are natural antimicrobial agents to fight bacterial infections in humans, in animals or in crops of agricultural importance. Phages have hygiene measure in hospitals and in food production facilities. (Brussow Harald) Alternatives to antibiotics Phage is a viable alternative to antibiotics. The collapse of antibiotics and emergence of harmful and drug resistant bacteria, phage therapy starts again and is being reintroduced. Phage therapy has many potential applications in human medicine, veterinary science and agriculture. Specificity – Phages are more specific than antibiotics, means one phage will only attack and eat one particular bacteria and no other. Each infection needs a particular phage to treat it. To improve the chances of success phage mixtures are applied or samples can be taken and an appropriate phage identified and grown. Phages can be chosen to be indirectly harmless not only to the host organism, but also to other beneficial bacteria, such as gut flora, thus reduce the chances of infections. Phage therapy give rise to few side effects. Phages replicates inside the patient, a smaller effective dose may not even be necessary. Currently phages are used therapeutically to treat bacterial infections that do not respond to conventional antibiotics particularly in Russia and Georgia. (Prof. Kieth) Need to study Phages As we saw research on phages and a lack of knowledge on phage biology affects on clinical failure. The emergence of antibiotics wiped out further research on medical use of phages. After many years, a new problem of bacterial resistance to use of antibiotic has arisen. Bacteria become resistant to drug used in modern medicine by adapting themselves. Problems created in treating patients in hospitals due to the emergence of modified pathogens such as S.aureus, P. aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Time required to produce new antibiotic is much larger than the time of bacterial adaptation. Therapeutic Uses of Phages and Antibiotics Conclusion For phage therapy multidrug resistant bacteria have opened a second window. (Carlton,1999) Phage therapy is the therapeutic use of lytic phages to treat bacterial infections. It is an alternative to antibiotics developed for clinical use. Phages are more specific than antibiotics that are in clinical use. This therapy is harmless to eukaryotic hosts undergoing therapy and should not affect normal beneficial flora of the host. Theoretically a single small dose is effective. Specificity is the disadvantage because specific phage will only kill a bacterium if it is a match to the specific subspecies. Thus, to improve the chances of success, phage mixture may be applied or clinical samples can be taken and suitable phage identified and grown. In the country of Georgia phages are used to treat bacterial infections therapeutically. (Todar Kenneth)

The Solution is More Discipline, Not Vouchers or School Choice Essay

The Solution is Discipline, Not School Choice Charlie is a problem child by any definition of the word.   He hasn't done anything horrific, like shooting another student or attacking a teacher. It's the annoying games he plays that drive everyone crazy. His favorite game is throwing scissors at the chalkboard when the teacher's back is turned.   He likes the screeching noise he can make if he throws the scissors at just the right angle.   And when he gets caught, he loves cursing at the teacher.   His biggest thrill is telling her to "mind her own f---ing business" while his classmates giggle or snicker. Charlie's teacher, Mrs. Anderson, spends her class time frustrated and powerless to stop Charlie's constant disruptive behavior.   At first, she looks him in the eye and asks him to stop.   Finally, she points her index finger toward the door and says, "Get out!" Charlie's classmates breathe a sigh of relief.   Mrs. Anderson does not.   She knows that tomorrow Charlie's father and mother will storm the principal's office demanding that she be fired or reprimanded.   Mom and Dad think that Charlie's personal rights have been violated; that he has a right to learn and not be disciplined by anyone, except by his own parents.   Due to this precedent, Charlie grows up with little educational discipline or accountability.  Ã‚   As Charlie's parents watch him grow into adulthood, they are forced to admit that their son is actually poorly educated, disrespectful and far from perfect. This story is all too familiar in America's public schools today.   Children in need of discipline have suddenly become the victims and their teachers, the oppressors.   As a result, America's school children are sorely under-educated and undiscipline... ...wer than 25 in a year. Implementing this change throughout America, especially suburbia, will not be easy.   This is where every American must recognize that in order to educate all our public school children we must deny a part of our own "self interest".  Ã‚   In order to make the change, America's parents and politicians must recognize that this "greater cause" can be public education.  Ã‚   Charlie's parents, along with many other parents, need to be encouraged to recognize that sometimes a little tough love is in their child's best interest. The next time Charlie's parents seek to confront school officials on behalf of their disruptive child, they need to be met with the empowerment of authority.   More importantly, Mrs. Anderson should be able to provide a healthy learning environment for all the children, if possible with Charlie, but if necessary, without him.

Hobbit: From Childrens Story to Mythic Creation Essay -- Literature F

Hobbit: From Children's Story to Mythic Creation "Mr. Baggins began as a comic tale among conventional and inconsistent fairy-tale dwarves, and got drawn into the edge of it - so that even Sauron the terrible peeped over the edge." -J.R.R Tolkien, letter to his publisher (quoted in Carpenter 1977, 182). The Hobbit started as little more than a bedtime story for Tolkien's children. Like most of his fellow academics, Tolkien viewed fantasy as limited to childhood. The result was a book written in a chatty, informal style that contrasts sharply with that of its serious successors. The narrator makes frequent patronising and intrusive asides, such as "And what would you do, if an uninvited dwarf came and hung his things up in your hall without a word of explanation?" (H, 18). The language approximates baby-talk at times (nasty, dirty wet hole oozy smell"), and modifiers ("terribly", "lots and lots") abound. Many critics, including Tolkien himself, have viewed this as the chief weakness of the book. Although the tone does evoke the oral tradition through which myths were originally created, it detracts from the power of the book. It renders villains are more comic than truly threatening, its heroes more endearing than awe-inspiring. One commentator feels that The Hobbit "lacks a certain intellectual weight" and "deserves little serious, purely literary criticism" (Helms 1974: 53). The important words here are "purely literary". The novel cannot be studied in isolation, but must be seen against the broader backdrop of Tolkien's literary philosophy and the entire mythic tradition. For the writing of The Hobbit both influenced and was influenced by the profound intellectual change its author was undergoing, namely t... ...teaching its author the immense possibilities of fantasy. It itself does not exhaust these possibilities, but merely begins to explore them. It starts unambitiously, but in drawing from the rich store of world folklore and the author's imagination, soon develops into a myth that, like all good fantasy, speaks as clearly to the mythopoetic imagination today as it did in Tolkien's time. Bibliography: Carpenter, H. 1977. J.R.R. Tolkien: A Biography. London: George Allen & Unwin. Helms, R. 1974. Myth, Magic and Meaning in Tolkien's World. London: Granada Publishing. Nitshe, J.C. 1979. Tolkien's Art: A Mythology for England. New York: St. Martin's. O'Neill, T.R. 1979. The Individuated Hobbit. Boston: Hougton Mifflin. Rogers, D. & Rogers, I.A. 1980. J.R.R. Tolkien. Boston: Twayne. Tolkien, J.R.R. 1937. The Hobbit. London: George Allen & Unwin.

DNA in the Forensic Science Community Essay -- Biology, DNA collection

This paper explores deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) collection and its relationship to solving crimes. The collection of DNA is one of the most important steps in identifying a suspect in a crime. DNA evidence can either convict or exonerate an individual of a crime. Furthermore, the accuracy of forensic identification of evidence has the possibility of leaving biased effects on a juror (Carrell, Krauss, Liberman, Miethe, 2008). This paper examines Carrells et al’s research along with three other research articles to review how DNA is collected, the effects that is has on a juror and the pros and cons of DNA collection in the Forensic Science and Criminal Justice community. Keywords: deoxyribonucleic acid, United States DNA Collection in the Forensic Science Community and its Effects on Solving Crimes Once a crime has been committed the most important item to recover is any type of evidence left at the scene. If the suspect left any Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) at the crime scene, he could then be linked to the crime and eventually charged. A suspect’s DNA can be recovered if the suspect leaves a sample of his or her DNA at the crime scene. However, this method was not always used to track down a suspect. Not too long ago, detectives used to use bite marks, blood stain detection, blood grouping as the primary tool to identify a suspect. DNA can be left or collected from the hair, saliva, blood, mucus, semen, urine, fecal matter, and even the bones. DNA analysis has been the most recent technique employed by the forensic science community to identify a suspect or victim since the use of fingerprinting. Moreover, since the introduction of this new technique it has been a la... ...race, class and gender differences. In addition, to the inequality, methods of presenting DNA data is sometimes sloppy and has the scrutiny of being dismissed on the grounds of misleading or confusing evidence. Also, the errors in the forensic science community play a role in the high number of exoneration cases because of false identification. Since DNA technology has been used there has been a high number of individuals convicted, linked or found innocent of a crimes. This technology has helped law enforcement catch suspects that may have never been found without the use of this technology. However, the research reflected that there is a need for clearer interpretations of the DNA results, better equality provided for all regardless of race or class and that errors should be reduced to prevent having cases that need to be exonerated.

Characterization Of A Glycerol Based Polymer Environmental Sciences Essay

In oleochemical industry, glycerin ( 1,2,3-propanetriol ) is ever produced as a byproduct in the fabrication of acids, soaps, methyl esters, intoxicants or nitrogen-containing derived functions. It can besides be made from propene via epichlorohydrin ( 1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane ) . However, the petrochemical supply path is less of import due to the increasing supply of glycerin from oleochemical industry, the high monetary value of propylene and the demand for epichlorohydrin for other intents ( Gunstone & A ; Henning, 2004 ) . Figure 1.1 Glycerol Glycerol possesses a alone combination of physical and chemical belongingss which are utilized in many commercial merchandises. It is hygroscopic, colourless, odorless, syrupy, sweet-tasting, low boiling point, non-toxic, demulcent, a good dissolver, and H2O soluble. Besides, it is easy biodegradable ( Gunstone & A ; Henning, 2004 ) . Furthermore, it is really stable under normal storage conditions, compatible with many other chemical stuffs, non-irritating in its assorted utilizations, and does non hold negative effects on the environment ( Pagliaro & A ; Rossi, 2008 ) . The glycerin market is presently undergoing extremist alterations, driven by really big supplies of glycerin originating from biodiesel production. The attempt to cut down the dependance on foreign oil has increased the production of biodiesel and glycerin is the major co-product from the transesterification procedure used to bring forth biodiesel. Hence, there is a demand to happen new utilizations for glycerin. Polymerization is one of the methods which big sum of glycerin can be used ( Wyatt et al. , 2006 ) . There two types of polymerisations. First, soluble merchandises are obtained irrespective of the extent to which the reaction is carried toward completion. The merchandises formed are chiefly additive polymers. The 2nd type of polymerisation is those that lead to gelled or indissoluble merchandises, provided that the reaction is carried far plenty. The reactants are capable of bring forthing big three dimensional molecules ( Flory, 1941 ) . Harmonizing to Flory ( 1941 ) , gelation occurs merely when there is the possibility of limitless growing in three dimensions. It is a important feature of polymerising systems to hold a aggressively defined gel point at a certain critical extent of reaction which is independent of temperature, sum of accelerator and so on. Through polymerisation of glycerin, the pre-polymers synthesized could be farther reacted to bring forth longer ironss of hyperbranched polymers. Hyperbranched polymers belong to the household of supermolecules known as dendrimers. Dendrimers are extremely branched monodispersed molecules produced by multistep syntheses. Preparation of dendrimers requires a high grade of pureness of the get downing stuff and high outputs of the single man-made measure. On the other manus, hyperbranched polymers are indiscriminately branched molecules prepared by a simple one-step reaction ( Wyatt et al. , 2006 ) via polyaddition, polycondensation, extremist polymerization, and so forth, of an ABn monomer ( Vogtle et al. , 2009 ) . Due to their alone combination of low viscousness, first-class solubility, and facile synthesis, hyperbranched polymers have received important attending ( Lin, Q & A ; Long, T.E. , 2003 ) . Chemical reaction of the functional A groups with the functional B ( matching ) groups of a 2nd monomer molecule gives rise to randomly branched molecule. Since the C groups are present in surplus ( n a†°? 2 ) , crosslinking are avoided from the beginning. Chemical reaction can be brought to a standstill by addtion of stopper constituents. Since the synthesis of hyperbranched polymers does non affect matching to core molecule, but merely ABn monomers react with one another. Both bifurcate molecules and additive sequences possibly formed ( Vogtle et al. , 2009 ) . Hyperbranched polymers produced from diacids ( A2 ) and glycerin ( B3 ) are an illustration of the AB2 system. AB2 monomers are non readily available and kinetic computations show that the first condensation reaction, which produces an AB2 species, is faster than the subsequent polymer extension. Therefore, the balance of the reaction progresses as polycondensation between AB2-type species prior to the gel point. Several methods have been used to avoid gelation in A2+B3 systems, including executing the reactions in dilute solutions or responding them in the absence of dissolvers while monitoring. This glycerol-based polymer is expected to demo similar belongingss and features as polyalkylene ethanediol ( PAG ) . A polyalkylene ethanediol holding the general expression: HO- [ R-O- ] n H in which N has a value of at least 2 and R is an alkylene extremist containing at least 10 C atoms. PAG liquid are used as man-made lubricators in many diverse applications. Therefore, glycerol-based polymers could besides hold the possible to be use every bit high public presentation lubricator, coolant or as a lubricant additive ( such as viscousness qualifier ) . Materials with polymeric constructions can be used in lubricator to heighten its belongingss, such as viscousness, pour point and so on. It can be used as get downing stuff for certain types of additives. These polymeric additives can be viscosity modifier, pour point sedatives, emulsifiers and demulsifiers, and foam inhibitor in lubricators ( Totten, G.E. et al. , 2003 ) . Oils can be effectual lubricators at low temperature. However, at higher temperature, they become less effectual. To get the better of this job, viscousness qualifiers are utile in minimising viscousness fluctuations with temperature. Viscosity qualifier is a polymer with mean molecular weights of 10000 to 150000. At all temperatures, viscousness qualifier is able to increase oil ‘s viscousness. The thickener of oil at lower temperature is less than that at higher temperature. At low temperatures, the polymer molecules busying a little volume have a minimal association with the majority oil. The state of affairs is reversed at high temperatures as the polymer ironss expand due to the increased thermic energy. Besides, at higher temperatures, polymers are more soluble and hence do the viscousness to increase ( Totten, G.E. et al. , 2003 ) . There are two types of viscousness qualifiers available commercially: olefin-based polymers and ester polymers. Polyisobutylenes ( PIBs ) , olefin copolymers ( OCPs ) , and hydrogenated styrene-diene ( STDs ) polymers. Ester polymers include polymethacrylates ( PMAs ) and styrene ester polymers ( SEs ) ( Totten, G.E. et al. , 2003 ) . Literature Review In a research done by Wyatt and his colleagues ( 2006 ) , fresh oligomeric prepolymers were synthesized by acid-catalyzed condensation of glycerin with iminodiacetic. The prepolymers were obtained after purification by chromatography in an mean output of 62 % . The compounds were characterized by utilizing 13C NMR, 1H NMR, matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-mass spectroscopy, and gel pervasion chromatography. It was discovered that additive merchandises bearing cyclic urethane constructions were obtained in the reaction between iminodiacetic acid and glycerin. Qi Lin and Timothy E. Long ( 2003 ) studied the polymerisation of A2 with B3 monomers to bring forth hyperbranched poly ( aryl estrer ) s. A dilute bisphenol A ( A2 ) solution was added easy to a dilute 1,3,5-benzene tricarbonyl trichloride ( B3 ) solution at 25A °C to fix hyperbranched poly ( aryl ester ) s in the absence of gelation. The molar ratio of A2: B3 was maintained at 1:1. The maximal concluding monomer concentration was ~0.08 M. The phenol functionalities were quantitatively consumed during the polycondensation. This was showed in 1H NMR spectrometry and derivitization of terminal groups. Two theoretical account compounds were synthesized to place 1H NMR resonances for additive, dentritic, and terminal units. The concluding grade of ramification was determined to be ~50 % . The hyperbranched polymers exhibited lower glass passage temperatures compared to their parallels. J.F. Stumbe and Bernd Bruchmann ( 2003 ) besides used the A2+B3 attack to fix hyperbranched polyesters with controlled molecular weights and belongingss. The procedure was carried out by responding glycerin and adipic acid without any dissolvers. Tin accelerators was used. The merchandises were evaluated by size exclusion chromatography ( SEC ) analysis and NMR spectrometry to find molecular weights and grades of ramification. A survey was besides carried out on the glycerin esters from reaction of glycerin with dicarboxylic esters. The glycerin esters were synthesized by the base catalyzed reaction of glycerin with aliphatic dicarboxylic acid esters ( such as dimethyl oxalate, dimethyl glutarate, dimethyl adipate, etc ) . Assorted parametric quantities that may impact the transesterification were studied in order to optimise the output of merchandises. The reactions were carried out by changing the glycerol/ester molar ratios. The optimal ratio was 4:1, whereby the measure of the monoester was 60 % after 8 h. The transition decreased somewhat when the grinder ratio exceeded 4:1. At higher temperatures, the sum of monoester in the reaction mixtures increased and it reached a maximal degree after 6 H when the reaction was carried out at 100 A °C to 120 A °C. It took 8 H at a lower temperature. However, the overall output at the terminal of the reaction was non affected by the temperature. The formation of both monoester and diester were produced in an overall output of 80 % after 15 H of reaction clip ( Cho et al. , 2006 ) . Sunder et. Al. ( 1999 ) carried out a controlled synthesis of hyperbranched polyglycerols by pealing opening multibranching polymerisation. Hyperbranched aliphatic polyethers with controlled molecular weights and narrow molecular weight distribution were prepared via anionic polymerisation of glycidol with rapid cation-exchange equilibrium. Glycidol which represents a cyclic AB2 monomer was polymerized in a ring-opening multibranching ( ROMBP ) . The anionic polymerisation was carried out under slow add-on conditions with partly deprotonated ( 10 % ) 1,1,1-tris ( hydroxymethyl ) propane ( TMP ) as the instigator. 13C NMR, MALDI-TOF spectroscopy, vapor force per unit area osmometry ( VPO ) , and GPC were used to qualify molecular weights and polydispersities of the polyols formed. The 13C NMR spectra used to measure the grade of ramification ( DB ) ranged from 0.53-0.59. A complete fond regard of hyperbranched polymers to TMP instigator and the absence of macrocyclics were showed in M ALDI-TOF spectra. There was no macrocyclics or hyperbranched supermolecule obtained, due to decelerate addtion. T.J. Mulkern and N.C. Beck Tan ( 2000 ) studied a series of blends of hyperbranched polyester with high molecular weight polystyrenes. The processability and compatibility in the blends were investigated as a map of volume fraction of hyperbranched polyols ( HBP ) added and responsiveness of the matrix stage. Due to its low viscousness and high responsiveness, HBP polymers are suited for reactive polymer blending. Through processing and rheological surveies, it was found that HBPs are effectual processing AIDSs. A important bead in the blend viscousness occurs instantly on add-on of HBP, even at degrees every bit low as 2 vol. % . In 1934, Herman Bruson discovered a man-made oil additive when he was researching the synthesis and possible applications of longer alkyl side concatenation methacrylates. Bruson ‘s innovation, polymethacrylates ( PMAs ) was found to hold the possible to work as thickening or viscousness index humanitarian for mineral oils. It increases viscousness at higher temperature more than at lower temperatures ( Kinker, B.G. , 2009 ) . The alkly group in the ester part of the polymer can be altered to obtain merchandises with better oil solubility and viscosity-improving belongingss. It besides have good compatibility with a big figure of refined and man-made basestocks. In a survey by Duncan and Turner ( 1997 ) , blends of lubricant basestocks with high viscousness complex intoxicant esters were produced. The blend comprises of a polyhydroxyl compound R ( OH ) N, a polybasic acid and a monohydric intoxicant. The complex intoxicant ester showed a pour point of less than or equal to -20A °C and a viscousness in the scope about 100-700 Central Time at 40A °C. The lubricating oil harmonizing to Duncan and Turner ‘s innovation has first-class prurience as determined by engine public presentation, vane pump trial, Yamaha Tightening Test, and reduced valve lodging. Besides, it has good stableness as evidenced by the consequences of RBOT and Cincinnati Milacron trials. The lubricator has besides unexpected biodegradability as measured by Sturm trial ( Duncan et al. , 1997 ) . Hunt et Al. ( 1993 ) carried out supercritical fluid extraction to analyze liquid poly ( alklene ethanediol ) ( PAG ) lubricators and sorbitan ester preparations. The PAG matrix was adsorbed onto silicon oxide and the selectivity obtained by this method was compared with that obtained by the direct extraction of adsorbed and unadsorbed PAG. Extraction was besides done for unadsorbed PAG through the in-line column and it was successful in dividing additives from all but the lowest molecular mass PAG oligomers. This extraction process enabled fractional process of the merchandise and could be used as a sample readying technique for farther spectroscopic analysis. It is hard to bring forth polymers with narrow molecular weight distributions by traditional methods. Supercritical fluid engineering is applied to get the better of the conventional methods. The solubilty parametric quantity of supercritical fluid can be tailored. Selective extraction and fractional process are possible from multi-component mixtures. The key to doing high quality polymers is to guarantee precise control of molecular weight and polydispersity at high output while maintaining residuary contaminations below acceptable tolerance degrees. Hernandez et. Al. ( 2005 ) tested the turn overing weariness of three polyglycols ( PAG-9, PAG-12 and BREOX-B-135X ) . Polyglycols ( besides called PAG or polyalkylene ethanediols ) are widely used in the lubrication industry. These compounds have really high viscousness indexes, really low pour points, a high thermic conduction with regard to mineral oils, hydrolytic stableness, etc. Rolling fatigue trials were carried out utilizing IP-300 criterion in order to obtain the word picture of the fluids. A four ball trial machine was used and 10 % life ( L10 ) and 50 % life ( L50 ) were obtained. The stress-time curves for L10 and L50 were besides determined. All polyglycols were tested under boundary lubrication government ( I » & lt ; 1 ) where in turn overing contacts the surface manner of failures prevails. In oils of the same household, the pressure-viscosity coefficient is comparatively changeless. An addition in viscousness improved the minimal movie thickness with the attendant addition of the I » ratio. Fatigue life is mostly a map of the ratio of lubricating movie thickness to composite surface raggedness ( I » ratio ) . Differences in I » ratio for the three polyglycols resulted in different grimness interactions and turn overing contact weariness lives. With respect to turn overing contact weariness, the pick of viscousness category should avoid grimness interaction, so that the lone manner of failure will be subsurface failure. Although mean force per unit area in the contact was the same, increase in viscousness from PAG-9 to BREOX-B135X improved the I » ratio from 0.18 to 0.34. At less I » & lt ; 1, operation is in the boundary lubrication government where turn overing contact fatigue life is short, but an addition of I » ratio cut down the grimness interactions a nd hence rolled contact weariness improved. An probe was so carried put by Garcia and colleagues on PC-SAFT volumetric and stage behaviour of C dioxide + PAG or POE lubricant systems. The densenesss of man-made PAG oil was measured from 283.15 K to 333.15 K while the solubilities of CO2 in this oil was measured from 253 K to 333.15 K. Molecular weight of the lubricator was estimated utilizing fast atom barrage ( FAB ) . Molecular weight and experimental densenesss were used to cipher characteristic parametric quantities of PC-SAFT theoretical account for several commercial PAG oils. Movable characteristic parametric quantities were used for POEs. The thermophysical belongingss and phase behavior of CO2-lubricant oil mixtures is of import for the design of infrigidation and air-conditioning. The go arounding fluid comes into contact with the lubricator used in compressors and a part of the oil is transported into the infrigidation circuit with assorted effects in footings of public presentation. If the oil is non-miscible with the refrigerant, the compressor may be damaged due to hapless oil return to the compressor. Oil may roll up inside the heat money changer tubings cut downing heat transportation capablenesss, enthalpy alteration and ensuing in an overall decrease of the infrigidation capacity and rhythm public presentation. In add-on, high solubility of the refrigerant in the lubricator may cut down the viscousness of the oil-rich stage and consequences in lower lubrication belongingss which gives rise to dislocation of the compressor mechanical parts. Hauk & A ; Weidner ( 2000 ) studied the thermodynamic and fluid-dynamic belongingss of C dioxide with different lubricators in chilling circuits for car application. The information of the binary mixture were measured at temperatures between 5 and 100 A °C under force per unit area of up to 150 saloon. The stage behaviour was observed qualitatively in a hugh-pressure position cell and was determined in an sterilizer based on a static-analytical method. The viscousness of the lubricator saturated with C dioxide was measured with an integrated vitreous silica viscometer. The pertinence of lubricators in car-climatization systems can be evaluated with the cognition of stage behaviour and the resulting viscousness of gas-saturated lubricantsThe stage behaviour of oils with C dioxide can be divided into three different types which are binary systems with closed miscibility spreads, systems with unfastened miscibility spreads, and systems that show barotropic phenomena. Oils that show barotropic behaviour in contact with tight C dioxide are non recommended as lubricators. Oils with complete or limited miscibility with C dioxide may be used. Firdovsi & A ; Yagoub ( 2006 ) investigated the man-made heat bearer oil composings based on polyalklene ethanediols. Thermal stableness, mass loss on vaporization at 250 A °C, 350 A °C and altering the specifications after heating at 300 A °C for 10 Hs were besides studied. The prepared PAGs have been taken as basic constituents for heat bearer oil composings. It was discovered that the specifications of PAGs such as viscousness indices, pour points, acerb figure and brassy points changed dramatically upon heat handling. In order to better the thermic stableness and viscousness indices, anti-oxidant and anti-foaming additives were added to the base stuff to make optimal composings. The obtained heat bearer oils showed comparable improved belongingss in comparing with commercially available heat bearers. Methodology This undertaking will be divided into 2 phases as listed below. Poly ( glycerol-diacid ) polymer will be prepared by utilizing different hydrocarbon concatenation length of diacids ( such as azelaic, succinic and adipic acid ) . The merchandises will be analysed in order to analyze their chemical and physical belongingss. Phase 1: Chemical reactions of glycerin with different hydrocarbon concatenation length of diacid compounds ( e.g. azelaic, succinic or adipic acid ) at different mole ratios, are carried out under N2. The mixtures were charged to a reaction vas equipped with distillment setup. The reaction merchandise is allowed to respond at the coveted temperature and clip. Acid value ( AV ) , hydroxyl value ( OHV ) and glycerin content will be measured to keep the reaction advancement. Optimization of the reaction parametric quantities will be studied by changing different reaction parametric quantities such as type and sum of diacid, reaction clip, temperature and force per unit area. The concluding merchandise will be washed, dried and characterised. Phase 2: The merchandises obtained will be analysed by utilizing both High Performance Liquid Chromatography ( HPLC ) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ( GC-MS ) . Other instrumentality such as Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ( FT-IR ) , Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ( NMR ) and Gel Permeation Chromatography ( GPC ) will besides be utilised to further corroborate their molecular construction. Physical belongingss of the merchandises obtained such as viscousness, solubility, brassy point, fire point, denseness, specific gravitation, biodegradability, and oxidative stableness will be performed. Expected consequence: Polymers ensuing from the copolymerisation of glycerin with diacids of changing C concatenation length, molecular construction, and composing will be obtained. Structures holding more than two free acid functionalities at the end-terminals can happen merely after ramifying. As the clip of reaction returns, the viscousness increases which limits the interaction between the reactants and the turning polymers. The H2O solubilty of the oligomers decreases with increasing concatenation length of the diacid monomers of the diacid monomers used in fixing the oligomers. This glycerin based polymers are expected to possess broad scope of applications such as cosmetics and lubricators.

Texts in Time Essay Orwell’s 1984 and the Matrix

Texts in their Time essay A text is a mirror for the concerns of a time and place. Orwell’s â€Å"1984†and the Wachowski brother’s â€Å"Matrix† can be viewed as a mirror into the concerns of a time and place. â€Å"1984† depicts how a hierarchical world tyranny is set up, how it stays in power, how it treats people and what life is like living under such a system. The â€Å"matrix† is also a representation of how the world as ‘we’ know it can be manipulated into the unknown or changed to suit the ideology of one higher power.The matrix is also seen as a situation that the majority of human kind cannot relate to; it is a scenario that is not only out of their control but a scenario that the average human cannot comprehend it goes beyond a control system that the average human brain cannot relate to. The matrix brings forward concepts that do not play to everyday life. Orwell vision of 1984 was shaped by his experiences though out his time as a volunteer in the Spanish civil war and upon returning to Britain post-war when the country was a place of shortages and rationing.Orwell struggled against fascism, but was intent on destroying its anarchist and Trotskyist allies. The defeat of fascism involved the success of and the emergence of the USSR as a great power. Orwell was deeply concerned about this fact. Orwell remained a believer in the fundamental goodness of the â€Å"common people†, the workers or â€Å"proles†. Due to Orwell’s personal circumstances, his fading life expectancy from tuberculosis may have influenced the bleak creation of the world that is â€Å"1984†. â€Å"1984† is a text which depicts the story of Winston smith who is a common man or a member of the outer party in the hierarchy of the ‘big brother’ system.The â€Å"1984† world is a totalitarian society where the party or big brother tries to control everything, including thought a nd emotion. Big brother is a dictator ship which controls every movement in society through constant surveillance and harsh penalties for noncompliance such as torcher or death. Big Brother is the face of the party; the party is the very dedicated dictator ship which has complete control over Oceania during the war with Eastasia and Eurasia. Big brothers slogans are repetitive and contradictory; WAR IS PEACE, FREEDOM IS SLAVERY and IGNORANCE IS STRENGTH.Newspeak is the official language of Oceania which had been created to meet the ideological needs of Ingsoc. Ingsoc created newspeak to eventually fade out free thought, with newspeak no man or woman could commit thought crime and no person would be able to attempt to break up the party that is big brother. All words are groupings in newspeak. All concepts of liberty and equality, for instance, are all contained in the single word of ‘crimethink’, while all words grouping themselves round the concepts of objectivity and rationalism were contained in the single word of ‘oldthink’.The Wachowski brother’s â€Å"Matrix† is a post-modern text which was filmed in 1999. The matrix is part of the I. T. revolution created to depict the perfect world. The matrix is about a computer hacker ‘Neo’ who is forced into the realisation of the matrix, the matrix was created to imprison you in the massive artificial intelligence system which has tapped into people’s minds and created the illusion of a real world, while using their brains and bodies for energy.Morpheus is convinced neo is the is â€Å"the one† who can destroy the matrix and bring his people to both physical and psychological freedom. The matrix can be described as a window into the reality of the spiritual world where as humans cannot understand yet we make assumptions about a higher power this can be linked with Orwell’s 1984 with the concept of ‘big brother’ with the matrix is described as an illusion of the physical world which can be controlled through the thought of neo as he is â€Å"the one†.In the matrix and Orwell’s 1984 the futures depicted are similar yet vastly different, the matrix depicts the future as a horrible emotionless place which has very little hope for humanity, whereas Orwell’s 1984 the future still has a bleak outline but through manipulation of the language the people have no idea how to realise that their future is bleak and or domed where as if the party was to diminish the people due to the fascist ways of big brother normal society would not be able to function as the big brother system had desterilised common knowledge of life without I higher power.To conclude I believe that Orwell’s 1984 and the Matrix have been a great comparative study.

Iom Report Impact on Nursing

Difference Between Nurses at the Associate vs. Baccalaureate Degree Level To this day there are three types of programs that exist to allow an individual to practice as an RN: the diploma, the Associate degree, and the Baccalaureate degree. The diploma route is a hospital based program that prepares an individual to sit for the NCLEX-RN. It is usually a two to three year program. It prepares the student for nursing jobs for delivering direct patient care in the hospital or other inpatient setting.The associate route RN is typically a two-year program that focuses on teaching the student technical nursing skills with basic education requirements in math, science, and English. It prepares the student for entry-level nursing jobs in hospitals and inpatient facilities. The baccalaureate route RN holds the higher level of education in nursing. It is achieved through a more rigorous educational study through research and evidence-based practices that prepares them for leadership and manage ment positions. In comparing the associate degree nurse vs. he baccalaureate degree nurse, in order to increase patient safety, the associate degree nurse should attain their baccalaureate degree for standardization in with our continually changing health care systems. In looking back in history, the associate degree of nursing (ADN) was designed by Mildred Montag in 1952 to help the nursing shortage as a collegiate alternative (Creasia and Friberg, 2011, p. 27). It started as a pilot project at seven sites that has now grown to be very successful and desirable when compared to the 4-year baccalaureate route.The 2-year associate degree route is sought out more for its cost effectiveness while achieving the same goal of being able to take the NCLEX-RN for licensure. Especially as studies from the Committee of the American Society of Nursing Service Administration noted that they saw no difference among beginning practitioners from BSN, ADN, or diploma programs (Schank and Stollenwerk , 1988, p. 254). The key word here is beginning practitioner, there is no difference between the performances of the two.However, if an individual desires to advance in their nursing career, the associate degree separates the baccalaureate degree holding RN from a higher position and pay for example in a managerial or supervisory role. The baccalaureate degree was intended by the ANA to be the entry point into professional nursing practice (ANA, 1965). Those who choose the BSN route are prepared to practice nursing in beginning leadership positions. In order to take on a leadership role, the baccalaureate holding nurse needs to have a more in depth education with skills in communication, leadership, and critical thinking.The inclusion of public health in the BSN program requires a nurse to be adequately knowledgeable to educate beyond the individual onto the communities and population. Not only is the BSN nurse able to communicate beyond the individual but also better able to collab orate with those holding higher educational degrees as well. Being able to communicate clearly the knowledge learned, through critical thinking based on evidence-based practices is what differentiates an associate degree from a baccalaureate degree nurse. Because of these qualities, it also affords them the ability to take on leadership roles.Higher education enables BSN nurses to go outside the small circle of practice. Studies have shown that patient outcomes can be attributed to higher levels of nursing education. More knowledge enhances the nurses’ concept of nursing as a profession to better adapt to a continually changing health care environment. More knowledge enhances the nurses’ concept of nursing as a profession to better adapt to a continually changing health care environment and by having experience in research of evidence-based practices gives the nurse a firm foundation. Their knowledge is broader to help promote positive patient outcomes (Spencer, 2008, p. 08). In one study they found a â€Å"10% increase in proportion of BSN nurses was associated with a 5% decrease in likelihood of death† (Ridley, 2008, p. 152). One aspect of the BSN student that the ADN student does not acquire is delving into evidence based practices. The BSN nurse, therefore, is transitioned from the basic clinical aspects of nursing from the individual patient onto a broader spectrum. Research enables the RN to become more reflective by evaluating past clinical experiences, honing in on critical thinking skills to help better understand our changing healthcare environment.In evaluating the table from the studies of the Examples of Activities included in the 1999 RN Practice Analysis with Average Frequencies of Performance (Smith, 2002, p. 493), I found that the tasks that required more critical thinking and collaboration with higher disciplinary teams, were slightly higher amongst the BSN group. The average of 3. 73(BSN) vs. 3. 40 (ADN) would consult wi th other health care providers about client care, average 3. 15 (BSN) vs. 2. 92 (ADN) would act as the clients advocate, and 0. 85 (BSN) vs. 0. 5 (ADN) would plan and develop a health promotion program based on a community assessment (Smith, 2002, p. 493). Many of the activities shown on the table reflect that there were not many differences among the ADN and BSN nurse. The BSN nurse has better communication skills would collaborate with other disciplinary teams and act more often as a patient advocate. Because the BSN nurse also has a more rich understanding of evidence based practices and research, he/she would be more likely assist in developing a health promotion program.In conclusion, even though it is more cost efficient in obtaining an associates degree or even diploma to qualify for RN licensure, the baccalaureate degree should be the standard goal. Our health care system is continually changing, it is the responsibility of the nurse to also strive to grow with our environme ntal changes by achieving higher education. Not only does the BSN nurse qualify for higher positions in the health care system, but it also produces better patient outcomes. References American Nurses Association. (1965). A position paper. New York, NY: American Nurses Association; 1965. Creasia, J.L. , & Friberg, E. (2011). Conceptual Foundations: The Bridge to Professional Nursing Practice, 5th Edition. , 2011. Pageburst Online. Web. 21 February 2013 . Ridley, R. T. (2008). The Relationship Between Nurse Education Level and Patient Safety: An Integrative Review. Journal of Nursing Education, 47, 149-156. Retrieved from http://ehis. ebscohost. com. library. gcu. edu:2048/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer? sid=e2ae0a10-62a7-418b-ab46-32ad87faa068%40sessionmgr113&vid=4&hid=3 Schank, M. J. , & Stollenwerk, R. (1988, June 1, 1988). The Leadership/Management Role: A Differentiating Factor for ADN/BSN Programs?Journal of Nursing Education, 27, 253-257. Retrieved from http://ehis. ebscohost. com. l ibrary. gcu. edu:2048/eds/detail? sid=f2a65c9b-fb18-4dd4-ba84-717a1f32bb14%40sessionmgr4&vid=5&hid=102&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d%3d#db=rzh&AN=1988078948 Smith, J. E. (2002). Analysis of Differences in Entry-Level RN Practice by Educational Preparation. Journal of Nursing Education, 41, 491-494. Retrieved from http://ehis. ebscohost. com. library. gcu. edu:2048/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer? sid=a9aecc8d-204c-4c13-b26c-12ce8475eea0%40sessionmgr111&vid=4&hid=4

First Amendment Bill of Rights

First Amendment Bill of Rights Free Online Research Papers I. The Bill of Rights was ratified on December 15, 1791, it guarantees four rights, freedom of religion, speech, press and assembly 1) Our founding fathers came to the agreement that those very rights needed to be protected and they most certainly had the right idea a) but unfortunately these freedoms came with the price of too many debates and bloodshed; b) Going through our everyday lives here in America we tend to forget how much we take for granted. c) People all over the world are still fighting for the very rights that we have had for centuries making America a place where they flee to seeking simple freedoms that Americans are born with. 2) Freedom of speech derived from England during the revolution in 1688 King James II was overthrown and joint monarchs replaced him by name of William and Mary who put in place the concept of the bill of rights, a. a century later came our founding fathers took it upon themselves to expand the idea granting America the bill of rights b. In 1801 Thomas Jefferson reiterated the fact that it is imperative for us to protect these freedoms by stating If there be any among us who would wish to dissolve this Union or to change its republican form, let them stand undisturbed as monuments of the safety with which error of opinion may be tolerated where reason is left free to combat it. II. The first amendment has stood for much more than just our freedom of speech and has been in place for such a significant amount of time that it’s important we don’t let its value diminish by means of censorship 1) Censorship usually becomes an issue in our Nation when we face most difficult times a. In 1927 Whitney v. California came about in efforts to ensure fear didn’t become a reason to suppress the public Kara Harris SPEECH 101 5:10-6:30 b. Justice Louis Brandeis opined by stating â€Å"Fear of serious injury cannot alone justify suppression of free speech and assembly. Men feared witches and burned women. It is the function of speech to free men from the bondage of irrational fears. 2) 1944 Franklin D Roosevelt addressed the state of the union during the WWII era which was another difficult economic time for America a. Roosevelt states while addressing congress We look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression- everywhere in the world. b. In this Roosevelt makes mention of government- sponsored social economic reforms and outlines a second bill of rights c. His intent was to ensure that our individual prosperity was protected as well as our nation d. America through out history has set the bar all around the world with its freedoms and rights. This is why we must always keep in mind the idea that our founding fathers had initially by simply understanding and appreciating the Bill of Rights and everything it truly stands for Research Papers on First Amendment Bill of Rights19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraPETSTEL analysis of IndiaBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XQuebec and CanadaNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceTrailblazing by Eric AndersonCapital PunishmentDefinition of Export QuotasTwilight of the UAWComparison: Letter from Birmingham and Crito

Free Essays on A Good Man Is Hard To Find

Most authors don’t write their stories with predictability for the reader. They want to keep the reader thinking. If the reader notices that each event that occurs is too predictable, then they begin to lose interest and wonder why they are still reading. They already know what’s going to happen. But Flannery O’Connor uses predictability to her advantage. O’Connor made the characters’ actions and personalities in â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† as predictable and typical as possible to convey her message that a good man really is hard to find. The character that stands out the most is the grandmother. Her entire personality and actions fit the description of a typical grandmother. She’s no different than all the other grandmothers in the world. She is somewhat the leader of the family, but still gets shrugged off by the rest of the family as someone that doesn’t know what they’re talking about. Her son, daughter-in-law, and grandkids don’t listen to her or even give her the time of day. A great example of this can be found in the beginning of the story. She tried her hardest to change Baileys mind about going to Florida because she wanted to go to Tennessee. She even brought good justification to her argument by saying that going anywhere near The Misfit was a bad idea. â€Å"I wouldn’t take my children in any direction with a criminal like that aloose in it (Pg. 308).† Bailey still didn’t budge. It even took a lot of consideration for Bailey to let his mother see the old ho use when they were well into their trip. Even when he succumbed to her begging he did it in a stubborn, disrespectful manner. And even worse, whenever she insisted that she may have an injury after the accident, no one even acknowledged her. She isn’t even given a name in the story, which is a way of showing that she receives no respect or consideration. These days, most people treat the mother as a burden or a heavy ... Free Essays on A Good Man Is Hard To Find Free Essays on A Good Man Is Hard To Find A Florida trip is very nice to consider when traveling. However, Tennessee was on grandmother’s mind the whole time in Flannery O’ Connor’s â€Å"A Good Man is hard to find.† Maybe if everyone had stuck to her plan, the story would not have happened the way that it did. In the beginning, the family planned on having a nice vacation for Florida. Grandmother insisted on going to Tennessee because of rumors of a misfit escaping and fleeing towards Florida. Bailey was set in his ways and nothing was going to stop them from going to Florida. After this decision, grandmother was worried about everything. She even went to the extent of dressing like a woman so if anyone found her body on the side of the road dead, they would know that she was a lady and her identity. Clothing was very symbolic in this story because the author would describe in specific detail about the characters clothes. Also, at the end of the story when the man came back with Bailey’s shirt on gave a little more symbolic touch to the story. When most people hear the phrase, â€Å"A good man is hard to find,† most people agree that it means exactly what it says. I think that most women will agree with me in that sense. However, before I read this story, I thought that it was going to turn out different than expected. Little did I know what the story was really going to be about and what that phrase really meant. On the way, the family stopped at a restaurant to grab a bite to eat. The grandmother and the owner of this restaurant had a conversation about the misfit who had escaped. The man mentioned, â€Å"These days you just don’t know who t o trust† (311). Grandmother mentioned her part on claiming that a good man is definitely hard to find. She had no clue that later on she would know that personally. Another important symbol that I found in this story was the white house and plantation that grandmother had recalled from her past. â€Å"The house had six ... Free Essays on A Good Man Is Hard To Find The foreshadowing effect in â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† To foreshadow is to give a hint or a suggestion of a forthcoming event. Flannery O’Connor uses the foreshadowing effect adequately in â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find.† There were many hints and suggestions that something unpleasant was going to happen in this story. The moment the grandmother first speaks of the misfit, we can assume he will show up later in the story because he is headed in the same direction as the family. Close to the ending, when the gunshots are heard from the woods, we can assume that the situation cannot get much worse. The first hint of trouble comes early in the story before the first paragraph ends. The grandmother tries to show Bailey a newspaper article about The Misfit, who has escaped the penitentiary and is headed toward Florida. The grandmother tries to discourage Bailey from taking the family to Florida again by telling him he ought to take the children somewhere else for a change, but he disregards his mother and they go on the trip anyway. The probability that an escaped convict is headed in the same direction as Bailey and his family suggests havoc is coming their way. O’Connor describes how the grandmother is dressed and says, â€Å"In case of an accident, anyone seeing her dead on the highway would know at once that she was a lady†(221). In my opinion, this phrase suggests that the grandmother could be involved in an accident further into the story. Also, the grandmother cautions Bailey about driving too fast, so this makes me think he is speeding; consequently, this could lead to an accident. The family arrives at Red Sammy’s, so they go inside and are seated at a table. Red Sam comes inside and sighs, â€Å"You can’t win† he said, â€Å"You can’t winâ€Å"(224), and then he goes on to say, â€Å"These days you don’t know who to trust.†(224). The grandmother agrees with Sam and seems to invite a conversation on the topic of trus... Free Essays on A Good Man Is Hard To Find From the very beginning, the grandmother in Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† is foreshadowing, in her words and actions, what will become of the family. Hints of the family’s tragic finale exist throughout the plot until the time of the first murder. In the very beginning before the story begins, O’Connor provides the reader with an epigraph. It quotes, â€Å"The Dragon is by the side of the road, watching those who pass. Beware lest he devour you. We go to the farther of souls, but it is necessary to pass by the dragon.† (St. Cyril of Jerusalem). (117) These very first few sentences provide the reader with an overview of the story’s events. The grandmother goes on to further ruin with this trip with just simple her words. In the beginning of the story, the Grandmother tries to change her son’s mind about going to Florida because she wants to go to Tennessee, and that gives us a sign of how persuasive she can be. â€Å"The grandmother didn’t want to go to Florida. She wanted to visit some of her connections in east Tennessee and she was seizing at every chance to change Bailey’s mind†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Now look here, Bailey,† she said, â€Å"see here, read this,† †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†Here this fellow that calls himself The Misfit is aloose from the Federal Pen and headed toward Florida and you read here what it says he did to the people†¦ â€Å"(117) These are a few very good clues on what will happen throughout the story. She compares herself to her daughter-in-law, insinuating that the daughter-in-law is not a lady like her. She judges â€Å"the children’s mother’s† clothes and judges many others who are socially challenged or less fortunate than she is. Note that when she mentions the Misfit criminal who escaped from prison, the â€Å"pickaninny,† and when she mentions the two cents in Red Sammy’s cash register with a tone of irony on her voice. Her attitude changes completely when the family’s car ... Free Essays on A Good Man Is Hard To Find In Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† we get a portrait of a 1950s postwar family who, in the midst of their own naivety, find themselves not only on the road from Atlanta, Georgia to Florida but on the road to the their own demise. The most outstanding character in this story is the grandmother, and since the story is told from the third person omniscient view, it will be easy for us to analyze the grandmother’s character. She connects the other characters together throughout the story with her own selfishness and stupidity, and through a self-realization which becomes the most important moment in the story. As the story opens, the scene is set in the home of a man named Bailey and his family which consists of his mother (the grandmother), his wife and their two children- June Star and John Wesley. Bailey is planning a trip to Florida, but the grandmother would rather go to Tennessee. We see the first sign of the grandmother’s selfishness here when she tries to convince her son, Bailey, to take the family to Tennessee. She does her persuasion through a newspaper article which says that a convict called The Misfit has escaped from the Federal Penitentiary in Florida. She says, â€Å"I wouldn’t take my children in any direction with a criminal like that aloose in it. I couldn’t answer to my conscious if I did.† We will see how this statement becomes the epitome of irony in the next few paragraphs. While the family is on the road to from Atlanta to Florida, the scene changes to a filling station and dance hall called The Tower. While the family is eating Red Sammy’s barbecue sandwiches, the grandmother carries on a very foreshadowing conversation with Red Sam. â€Å"These days you don’t know who to trust,† he said. â€Å"Ain’t that the truth?†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ â€Å"A good man is hard to find.† If the grandmother knows this and makes these assertions, then why does she so naà ¯ve and quick to trust The Mi... Free Essays on A Good Man Is Hard To Find Most authors don’t write their stories with predictability for the reader. They want to keep the reader thinking. If the reader notices that each event that occurs is too predictable, then they begin to lose interest and wonder why they are still reading. They already know what’s going to happen. But Flannery O’Connor uses predictability to her advantage. O’Connor made the characters’ actions and personalities in â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† as predictable and typical as possible to convey her message that a good man really is hard to find. The character that stands out the most is the grandmother. Her entire personality and actions fit the description of a typical grandmother. She’s no different than all the other grandmothers in the world. She is somewhat the leader of the family, but still gets shrugged off by the rest of the family as someone that doesn’t know what they’re talking about. Her son, daughter-in-law, and grandkids don’t listen to her or even give her the time of day. A great example of this can be found in the beginning of the story. She tried her hardest to change Baileys mind about going to Florida because she wanted to go to Tennessee. She even brought good justification to her argument by saying that going anywhere near The Misfit was a bad idea. â€Å"I wouldn’t take my children in any direction with a criminal like that aloose in it (Pg. 308).† Bailey still didn’t budge. It even took a lot of consideration for Bailey to let his mother se e the old house when they were well into their trip. Even when he succumbed to her begging he did it in a stubborn, disrespectful manner. And even worse, whenever she insisted that she may have an injury after the accident, no one even acknowledged her. She isn’t even given a name in the story, which is a way of showing that she receives no respect or consideration. These days, most people treat the mother as a burden or a heavy ... Free Essays on A Good Man is Hard to Find â€Å"A good Man is Hard to Find†, by Flannery O’ Conner was a suspenseful and kept me wanting to read to find out what happens in the end. It had good foreshadowing techniques and O’Connor did a good job of writing the story. She portrayed the beginning as being just a normal road trip and family would take. By reading the whole story, I found out that it backfired on them and it was not a normal road trip anymore. Theme and plot were distinctly viewed and the description of the places and the people put a vivid picture in my head. The setting often changed while traveling from state to state, so there was always changing scenery. While O’ Conner described the grandmother to the readers, I pictured an old women who looked like my grandmother as well. There were many characters that took place in the story to make it more interesting and a better story line. I liked the story the best out of all three because it was well written and kept ]me in total suspense throughout the whole story. The title gave me curiosity and I wanted to find out what the true meaning of the title meant. When she first mentioned The Misfit at the beginning of the story, I knew that in the end he would somehow be apart of their road trip. This story was very well written and I liked it he best.... Free Essays on A Good Man Is Hard To Find In the short story, â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† the author, Flannery O’Connor, uses excessive amounts of foreshadowing to clue in the reader of what is to come. Some of the foreshadowing she uses helps predict the family is going to run into the Misfit and also that death is clearly evident. Throughout the story the O’ Connor uses strong amount of foreshadowing to clue the reader that they are going to meet up with the Misfit. One example is when the Grandmother reads in the paper that the Misfit has escaped and he is on his way down to Florida. The author wouldn’t have to mention this part if it didn’t have some significance to the story. Another example is the fact that the father is very nervous about the trip and has a bad feeling about the whole thing. What also make this a major clue is the fact that this is stated after the Grandmother mentions the Misfit and his escape. Later on in the story the family makes a pit stop at Red Sammy’s diner. While at the diner Red Sammy talks about how a good man is hard to find. He then brings up the fact that a man in a run down van with two other people in it stopped for gas and he didn’t think that he could trust them. Then Grandmother then once again mentions the Misfit to Red Sammy and Red Sammy says that he wouldn’t be a bit surprised if he did rob the diner. Also in the story, O’Connor uses foreshadowing to help the reader sense that death is clearly evident. The first clue is the fact that the author mentions that the grandmother dressed to nicely, that in case of an accident, anyone seeing her dead on the highway would know at once that she was a lady. Another example is when they are driving along the road they pass the family’s old burial ground from the plantation. As they pass it they see six tombstones. This hints the reader that the family may die because there are six tombstones and there are six members of the family in the car. Another exampl... Free Essays on A Good Man Is Hard To Find The title of my short story was â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† by Flannery O’Connor. O’ Connor was born on March 25, 1925 in Savannah, Georgia. She moved with family to Milledgeville, Georgia in 1938 where she attended a public school called Peabody High School. O’Connor graduated from Peabody High School in 1942, where she enters Georgia State College for Women. In 1943-1945 O’Connor writes stories and poems for college literary magazine and graduated from Georgia State with an undergraduate degree in English. In 1945 –1947 she entered a writing program at the University of Iowa and earned a Master of Fine Arts degree in creative writing. In 1948-1949 O’Connor lived in New York and Connecticut. She attended Yaddo Artists’ colony near Saratoga Springs, New York, for several months. After an illness in 1950, O’Connor returned to Milledgeville and was diagnosed with lupus, an incurable disease. She lived on her familyâ⠂¬â„¢s dairy farm for the rest of her life. In 1955 â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† and Other Stories received critical praise. In 1962-1963 O’Connor received an honorary doctorate from Saint Mary’s women’s college of the University of Notre Dame and spoke at a number of colleges in the South about her writing. Flannery O’Connor died on August 3, 1964. â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† was a wonderful short story. This story is told in a third person point of view. The grandmother is telling the story. She uses she and he in the story often. The setting of the story seems to be in the summer during vacation time. The story took place in a car while going a vacation to Florida. The characters in this story are considered dynamic, flat, and round. The dynamic characters are the grandma, John Wesley, The Misfit, June Star, and Bobby Lee. I chose them as dynamic characters because they tend to change because of the plot of the story. The grandma is considered a dynamic character because she tried her best... Free Essays on A Good Man is Hard to Find My Analysis of Grandma In the story, â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find†, the grandmother, also know as the old lady, has the type of personality I would not like my grandmother to have. The grandmother, who is not named in the story, is very annoying and likes to talk a lot. In the very beginning of the story there is evidence that the grandmother is not very favored by her own son, Bailey. She tries to convince her son that they shouldn’t take the trip to Florida because of murderer who has escaped from prison and because of the children have been there and need to see other places in the world. In addition she just doesn’t want to go to Florida. She would rather go to Tennessee for personal reasons but she doesn’t tell her son that. All the while, she is ignored by him. For the entire time that the grandmother is talking to him, Bailey continues to read his sports paper as if she is not even in the room. Bailey doesn’t respond to her. The only one who acknowledges that she is speaking is Bailey’s son, John Wesley. John Wesley makes a suggestion; â€Å"If you don’t want to go to Florida, why dontcha stay home?† (285) June Star, John Wesley’s’ sister also adds her comments and makes a point that her grandmother would not stay home for fear that she would be missing anything that happens on their trip. This little fact also says that the grandmother has a tendency to be nosy and would always like to be involved in some way. Throughout the whole trip, it seems as thought the grandmother talks the most. She is like a child who has to point out everything that she sees along the way. During the ride she also tells stories that only she I really interested in hearing although John Wesley did happen to find one her stories very funny. In addition to being annoying and talking a lot, the grandmother reminds me of the grandmother in a sitcom on television called â€Å"Everybody Loves Raymond†. The two ar... Free Essays on A Good Man Is Hard To Find A Good Man Is Hard To Find A Good Man is Hard to Find Flannery O’Connor’s A Good Man is Hard to Find is filled with foreshadowing which the first time reader will not grasp, but leaps out of the pages for repeated readers. When first read, A Good Man is Hard to Find, the reader does not value the importance of the grandmother charter and her warning. She is thought to just be a rambling, nagging old lady. Even the grandmother does not realize the importance of what she is saying. The grandmother warns of the misfit in the first paragraph of the novel, â€Å"’Here this fellow calls himself the Misfit is loose from the federal pen and headed toward Florida and you read here what it says he did to these people.†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ The first time reader simply sees this warning as the grandmother trying to persuade her son to change the vacation plans to better suit the grandmother’s wants. Continuing thru the story the first time reader sees the grandmother as a not very smart woman, and s he really is not very smart. She proves this by leading her family on a wild goose chase, looking for a house that is in a completely different state. Later on in the novel while the family is having lunch at a dinner the grandmother returns to the idea of the Misfit. â€Å"’Did you read about the criminal, The Misfit, that’s escaped?’ asked the grandmother.† To the first time reader this seems unusual to return to the thought of The Misfit, he was simply a thought at the beginning, so long ago that the reader had all but forgotten him. O’Connor continues on with the story though, convincing he reader that we probably won’t ever hear the name, Misfit, again. To the first time reader the ending of the novel comes at a complete surprise. Who would have thought that this sweat family could ever die such awful deaths. Who would have thought that the grandmother would’ve been right, and that the family actually would have a run in with The Misfit. When th... Free Essays on A Good Man Is Hard To Find â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† In Flannery O’Connor’s story â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find†, we follow â€Å"a family of six which, on its way driving to Florida, gets wiped out by an escaped convict who calls himself the Misfit† (O’Connor, Reasonable 325). The incidents and characters throughout the story are aspects of a plot intending to symbolize the spiritual grace passed from one human to another, without regard for kindness or evil. The grandmother is the most prominent and developed character in the story and contains several traits that are typically related to the elder southern woman. Within her family unit she goes mostly unnoticed, â€Å"the parents pay little attention†¦and when they do, they are often quite rude† (Brown). She has many points of view but it seems as though the children are the only ones that respond to her but that doesn’t mean that they respect her. June Star says of her going on the trip â€Å"She has to go everywhere we goà ¢â‚¬  (O’Connor, Good 298). John Wesley says to her â€Å"If you don’t want to go to Florida, why dontcha stay at home?† (298). So what makes her final gesture so important in the story towards The Misfit that makes the reader shed a tear or two for her? In the beginning of the story the grandmother is trying to persuade the family to go on a trip to Tennessee instead of Florida. She is reading an article in the paper about an escaped convict named â€Å"The Misfit†. Without much of an audience to hear her she uses her power of suggestion that â€Å"The Misfit is aloose from the Federal Pen and headed toward Florida† (297) to scare the family into agreeing with her about heading to Tennessee. We find out it does not work but are introduced to the workings of the grandmother in her efforts to be the center of the attention at all times. The character traits of the grandmother are in no way ideal but her ability to try and manipulate every situation does seem to ultimately seal... Free Essays on A Good Man is Hard to Find Last Rites â€Å"Life is pleasant. Death is peaceful. It's the transition that's troublesome.† - Jimi Hendrix. The late rock n roll artist summed up one of the most challenging fears to overcome for all humans, preparation for death. Flannery O’Connor uses this concept to show how it can affect people’s behaviors and attitudes. The story begins with the typical family being challenged by the grandmother who doesn't want to take the vacation to Florida. She has read about a crazed killer by the name of the Misfit who is on the run heading for Florida. Unfortunately, she is ignored by every member of the family except for the little girl, June Star, who can read the grandmother like an open book. The fact that she admonishes Bailey, her son, of this Misfit and "what it says he did to those people†(1277) foreshadows what will happen to them. As readers, we know that O’Connor will not mention such an interesting fact without having it affect the characters later on in the story. In Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"A Good Man is Hard To Find,† one is struck by the unexpected violence at the end of the story. However, if you re-read the story a second time, you will see various allusions, imagery and language that foreshadow the grotesque ending. Furthermore the author touches upon her belief that most humans are not prepared to die, and reflects that through the character of the grandmother. Kordosky 2 The morning of the trip the grandmother is the first one in the car ready to travel as June Star predicted she would be, "She wouldn’t stay at home for a million bucks. She has to go everywhere we go"(1278). This can be read as a direct foreshadowing of the grandmother’s death. As one reads the story, one wonders why every time Bobby Lee and Hiram take someone into the forest, they never come back. Eventually, the whole family is taken to die. June Star’s comment that the grandmother goes everywhere the family goes can be read...

Free Essays on Yeats

A path from romanticism to modernism. The stylistic evolution of Yeats’ travels through several stages across his career. Initially as a young poet, Yeats wrote much literary ornate verse. From his first publication in 1885 he’d been much influenced by the pre-Raphaelites. A group of artists and poets, the pre-Raphaelites shared a conviction that art had become corrupt during the Renaissance, beginning with Raphael, and was in decline there after. With their sentimental and dreamy idilic view of the world, they were an important influence on Yeats' first poetic efforts. Yeats’ also held an enduring admiration for Blake, which aided his style with a rugged simplicity . A typical poem of this period is the freely romantic â€Å"Lake Isle of Innisfree.† And I shall have some peace there, for peace comes dropping slow, Dropping from the veils of the morning to where the cricket sings; There's midnight all a-glimmer, and noon a purple glow, And evening full of the linnet' s wings. This thick, sugary, praise is highly typical of Yeats’ early poetry and his inherited spirit of the general romantic style. At this time, 1890, Yeats’ himself was still in his twenties, his imagination still held the possibilities of delicate beauty and spontaneous song. Yeats' poetics became fixed heavily in lyric tradition during this early part of his career and late era of romanticism. Inspite of war experience and the darkening of his songs, their musicality would be retained. Yeats’ work began its evolution from the pond of romantics by becoming harder and more realistic. Personal and professional movements in his life were much the cause. Maud Gonne, an Irish actress, who was a long time love interest of Yeats, married a Major John MacBride leaving Yeats deeply wounded . The romantic pond from which much of his early poetry spawned became dry. Youthful praise stripped away, he turned to heartless speculation of severe... Free Essays on Yeats Free Essays on Yeats A path from romanticism to modernism. The stylistic evolution of Yeats’ travels through several stages across his career. Initially as a young poet, Yeats wrote much literary ornate verse. From his first publication in 1885 he’d been much influenced by the pre-Raphaelites. A group of artists and poets, the pre-Raphaelites shared a conviction that art had become corrupt during the Renaissance, beginning with Raphael, and was in decline there after. With their sentimental and dreamy idilic view of the world, they were an important influence on Yeats' first poetic efforts. Yeats’ also held an enduring admiration for Blake, which aided his style with a rugged simplicity . A typical poem of this period is the freely romantic â€Å"Lake Isle of Innisfree.† And I shall have some peace there, for peace comes dropping slow, Dropping from the veils of the morning to where the cricket sings; There's midnight all a-glimmer, and noon a purple glow, And evening full of the linnet' s wings. This thick, sugary, praise is highly typical of Yeats’ early poetry and his inherited spirit of the general romantic style. At this time, 1890, Yeats’ himself was still in his twenties, his imagination still held the possibilities of delicate beauty and spontaneous song. Yeats' poetics became fixed heavily in lyric tradition during this early part of his career and late era of romanticism. Inspite of war experience and the darkening of his songs, their musicality would be retained. Yeats’ work began its evolution from the pond of romantics by becoming harder and more realistic. Personal and professional movements in his life were much the cause. Maud Gonne, an Irish actress, who was a long time love interest of Yeats, married a Major John MacBride leaving Yeats deeply wounded . The romantic pond from which much of his early poetry spawned became dry. Youthful praise stripped away, he turned to heartless speculation of severe...